Kidney Stones Awareness

Susan T. GonzalezMedical

Kidney stones are a severe issue. A kidney stone is an object made of chemicals found in urine. There are five different types of kidney stones:

  • Calcium Oxalate: The most common form, formed when calcium and oxalate combine in urine.
  • Calcium Phosphate Can be associated with hyperparathyroidism or renal tubular acidosis.
  • Uric acid Can be linked to a high animal protein diet.
  • Struvite: A less common infection of the upper urinary system.
  • Cystine: This is rare and runs in families with a cystinuria history.

A kidney stone can increase the risk of another one.

Kidney Stones Symptoms

The ureter can be emptied of a small stone without any symptoms.

Stones that won’t move may cause severe pain, urinary obstruction, blood, nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, or cloudy urine.

Kidney Stones Risk factors

A family history of kidney stone formation, a diet high in salt or sugar or a diet rich in proteins, or obesity can all be risk factors. Dehydration may also increase the risk of kidney stones.

Kidney Stones Diagnosis

  • Imaging tests include a KUB x-ray, but a CT scan is the gold standard for kidney imaging.
  • Tests of urine and blood
  • After the stone is removed, it can be analyzed. It can also be used to determine possible causes of stones and plan how to prevent them.

Kidney Stones Treatment

The first treatment options include taking more water and medications to relieve pain or help the stone move.

  • Shock Wave Lithotripsy uses high-energy shock waves to break stones into smaller fragments for passing.
  • The stone is removed using a small scope.
  • The stone is removed surgically by Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Kidney Stones Prevention

  • Water intake is essential for a healthy body.
  • Maintain a healthy body weight by eating a balanced diet.
  • Control blood pressure and sodium intake
  • Citrate can also be used as a preventative measure for specific stones.
  • Citrus juices contain citrate.
  • Alkali citrate is available both on prescription and over the counter.
  • It is essential to consult a physician or other healthcare professionals about the best treatment option for you.